Daily Health Advices

An infectious disease is a disease caused by transmission of a micro-organism: viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungus, yeast. Viruses are not alive, but as a prion, which is not really a micro-organism they have properties like infectious, and therefore pathogenic effects.
The study of infectious agents is the medicine, microbiology, epidemiology and landscape epidemiology. In nature, infectious diseases develop in all living organisms (animals, plants, fungi, micro-organisms .. well known viruses virus). As Interaction lasting, infectious diseases are among the feedback loops that maintain the relative stability (dynamic equilibrium) ecosystems, most pathogens co-evolve with their hosts over millions of years. Their mode of transmission is variable and depends on their tanks (human, animal, environmental) and sometimes of vectors (disease vector).
They are more or less contagious; For example, tetanus is an infection caused by clostridium tetani, a bacterium that is found in the earth. There is no transmission, infection occurs when bacteria enters the body through a wound contaminated. A vaccine exists against this disease and is mandatory in France for all children of school age. Another example, malaria is caused by a parasite, Plasmodium falciparum (there are other Plasmodii), transmitted among humans through a mosquito, Anopheles. The reservoir of the parasite is human, but there is no transmission. There is no vaccine. Tuberculosis is spread from person to person by airborne mechanism: the reservoir is human and it is contagious. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs or STD for sexually transmitted diseases) are transmitted during sexual intercourse.
Many microbes live normally and necessarily in our gut and on our skin and become infectious at certain occasions. Contact with microbes is necessary for the maintenance and functioning of the immune system.

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