Daily Health Advices

A person who has developed IgE antibodies to recognize one or more allergens (pollens, molds, animal dander, dust mites, etc.) Is said to be sensitized to these allergens. The molecules allergen-specific IgE in the blood travel to tissues where they cover the surface of mast cells. Up to 500,000 IgE antibodies with different specificities may be present on the surface of a single mast cell, thereby allowing each cell to recognize many different and unique allergens.

Mast cells found in abundance especially in the lining of the nose, eyes, lungs and digestive tract, are activated when allergen molecules make physical contact with IgE antibodies on the surface of a cell can recognize specific allergens. Then the mast cells of an individual who has developed IgE antibodies to cat antigen would not be activated by exposure to ragweed pollen.

An allergic reaction starts when the molecules come into contact allergens activate mast cells and covered by the allergen-specific IgE. Once activated, the mast cell releases a variety of potent chemical mediators, all of which have potent inflammatory properties. These include chemicals such as histamine (hence the therapeutic use of antihistamines), leukotrienes and prostaglandins, and cytokines (protein molecules which serve as regulators of cell interactions).

One of the most important advances has been the recognition that allergic reactions cause inflammation of the tissues which are carried out. An allergic reaction triggers a cascade of events, starting with the release of mediators of activated mast cell. These then recruit other inflammatory cells from the bloodstream to areas where they invade other cells surrounding local, free additional chemical mediators, resulting in inflammation of the tissues involved.

Many of the symptoms of allergic diseases such as chronic edema or swelling, excessive activity of mucous glands and hyperresponsiveness to irritant stimuli is thought to result from the perpetuation of tissue inflammation due to repeated exposure to allergens.

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